Since the Coen brothers’ forthcoming movie, A Serious Man, contains a serious amount of Yiddish, Focus Features have very kindly provided us with a glossary of terms we will come across when watching the movie. It’s time to revise…
Agunah (pronounced “ahgoonah”) – a divorced person who has not been religiously sanctioned to remarry
Bar mitzvah – Jewish religion’s important ceremony, held in a synagogue for a young man who has come of age (at 13) and will now be responsible for practicing and upholding Jewish values, morals, and traditions; female equivalent (at 12 or 13) is a bas mitzvah
Bupkes (also spelled bupkis) – nothing; applied with great emphasis, e.g., “And what do I have?Bupkes!”
Dybbuk (pronounced “dibbuck”) – The soul of a dead person, often looking to possess a live person and as such inspiring fear among the living
Gett – ref., agunah (above); a religiously sanctioned divorce, tandemed with the sanction to remarry
Goy – colloquial term for a person not of the Jewish faith (i.e., a Gentile)
Haftorah – Portions of the Hebrew Bible read aloud in synagogue services, including by a bar mitzvahboy
Hashem – means The Name, and is basic Hebrew term/name used for God
Macher (pronounced “mohhcc-er”) – an achiever, a person of importance/influence
Mazel tov! (pronounced “mozzle-tov!”) – Congratulations!
Mensch (pronounced “mensh”) – someone with strength of character/an applied sense of purpose
Mitzvah – good deedor blessing, though mostly used in an everyday and non-religious context, e.g. “Picking up your groceries while you were stuck in bed with a broken leg – that was a mitzvah your neighbor did.”
Nu? – What’s up? What’s the story here?
Rabbi(pronounced “rab-eye”) – Ordained Jewish religious scholar/teacher, often relied upon as community leader
Reb – Formal-address equivalent of Mister, as in “Reb Nudell is coming to visit our family;” or, more colloquially, abbreviation of a prominent rabbi, as in “Which Reb is conducting the service today?”
Shabbas(or, shabbos, from Shabbat) – Judaism’s Sabbath, from Friday evening through Saturday evening
Shtetl(pronounced “shtet-el”) – a small Jewish village, in bygone times, in Eastern Europe
Shiva– means seven, and also refers to the participatory seven-day mourning period for the recently deceased; e.g., “We are sitting shiva for my wife’s uncle, who passed away earlier this week”
Shul – a synagogue and its congregation
Synagogue (pronounced “sinagog”) – a Jewish house of worship
Torah – the first five books of the Hebrew Scriptures, transcribed onto a scroll for use in synagogueservices including a bar mitzvah
Thanks to Bunnie for pointing this out.